Seat structure



May 27, 1924. 1,495,281

H. A. WAGNER S EAT S TRUGTURE Filed Jan. 2, 1920 5 Shee'ts-Sheet 1 INVENTOR,

4 Wagner V. f l

ATTORNEYv May 27, 1924.

H. A. WAGNER SEAT STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 2, 1920 5 sheets-sheet 2 m ne.

III ,All

ATTORNEY May 27 1924. www

H. A.` WAGNER SEAT STRUCTURE Filed Jani 2, 1920 3 Sheets--5heet 5 Q l j Jv- 0 n Patented May `27, 1924.`

UNITED STATES 1,495,281 PATENT omer..

HENRY A. WAGNER, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WILLYS-OVERLAND COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

SEAT STRUCTURE.

Application led January 2, 1920. Serial No. 348,917.

I declare the following to be a full, cleary and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements inl seat structures, and is particularly directed to seat structures for vehicles, such as automobiles and the like.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a plurality of seat units of improved construction, arranged to be detachably connected with a vehicle body.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for detachably securing a plurality of seat units upon a vehlcle body in such a manner that the' units will be rigidly held in a predetermined relationship upon the body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved seat base for a seat unit to which the upholstery for the unit may be quickly attached.

Another object of the invention is to construct a seat unit in such a manner as to protect the upholstery thereof against .rubhing u `en the unit is in assembled position upon th; structure provided for supporting the same.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved seat unit base embodying integrally all of the elements for supporting and retaining the springs and upholstery of the unit.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simplified metal stamping, forming a seat unit base, constructed in such a manner as to admit of a quick and readyt'appli- `cation of the upholstery to the base.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved and economical method of constructing seat units embodying comparatively few operations and obviating the necessity of employing skilled labor in the production of the units.

Further objects of the invention relate to economies of Amanufacture and details of construction, as Will hereinafter appear from the description to follow.

The objects of the invention are accomplished in one instance by the devices and means described in the following specili- Afor supporting cation, but it is evident that the same may be var1ed without departing from the scope of the invention as pointed out in the appended claims.

A structure constituting one embodiment of the invention which may be the preferred, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification in which:

Flgure I is a plan view illustrating the manner of assembling theseat units upon an automobile body.

Figure II is a fragmentary sectional elevation illustrating in part the construction of the seat and seat back, together with the body structure for supporting the same.

Figure III is a bottom plan View of the improved Y metal base plate for the seat proper.

Figure IV is a fragmentary sectional elevation through the top portion of the seat back illustrating the manner of mounting the same upon the body structure.

Figure- V is a rear view'of the base plate the upholstery of the central seat back unit.

Figure VI is a front elevation of one of the end units for the seat back with a portion of the upholstery broken away to indicate the construction of the metal base plate forming a support for the upholstery.

Figure VII is a perspective view-of a portion of the seat unit base plate indicating the manner of applying the marginal portions of the upholstery to the plate.

Figure VIII is a view in perspective of a portion of the base plate shown in Figure V looking from the rear at one corner of the plate.

Figure IX is a fragmentary view looking at one edge of the base plate shown in Figure V and indicating the curvature of the plate at the end thereof to conform to the curvature of the body structure at the end of the seat.

Figure X is afragmentary sectional elevation illustrating a modified form of structure slightly different from that shown in Figures II and IV. v

Figure XI is a bottom plan view of a portion of the seat base plate shown in section in Figure X. v

Figure XII is a rear view of a portion of the base plate forming the back of the seat shown also in section in Figure X, and

Figure XIII is a View -in perspective of a portion of the. seat back or base plate shown in F igure X, illustrating the manner of attaching theV marginal portions of the upholstery to the base plate.

Like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views .of the drawings.'

In the. 4present invention, the upholstery for the seat units. in each case, is mounted upon and attached to a single metal stamping forming a base plate of substantially flat construction, the upholstery being coextensive with the plate or substantially so and covering one side thereof'. with the marginal portions of the upholstery secured, in oneembodiment of the invention, on the opposite side of the plate from that upon which the springs and upholstery are mounted, and in another, on the same side. ln either case, the several seat units may be detachably secured upon the body structure in the same manner, as will be seen from the description to follow.

ln the drawings, indicates the body yof an automobile having the usual front and back seats as indicated in Figure l, the upholstery units being omitted from the front seat, while for the rear seat the units are Shown in assembled position comprising respectively the seat proper 11, the main seat back unit 12, and the side units 13 which abut the ends of the unit 12 and form a continuation of the same extending around to the side doors 14 of the body as shown in Figure l. A back plate 15 forming a part of the body structure is offset rearwardly at 16 and provided with an inturned Aand somewhat downwardly extending flange 17 as indicated in Figure FV. At the base of the offset portion 16 is formed a shoulder 18 upon which rests the upper ends of a plurality of reinforcingr members 19.having ribs 2() resting upon the back plate 15 as indicated in Figure ll. The lower ends of the members 19 are provided with inturned flanges 21 forming supports for the rear end of the seat frame member 22 which is also carried by the rearwardly extending flange 23 of the upright plate 24 forming a part `of the body construction for supporting the scat. A plate 25 directly supporting the seat proper is mounted on top of the frame member 22 as indicated in Figure H. rllhe seat frame structure at its front edge is providedv with suitable means (not shown) for retaining the seat unit 11 upon the plate 25 and in contact with the seat back as indicated in Figure ll.

`While the inturned flange 17 of the back plate 15 is shown as. being integral with the plate, it will be understood that said flange may constitute a separate member suitably connected with the plate as by spotwelding or otherwisesand that the flange may be varied in shape according to the construc- Maasai tion of the seat back unit at the point where the upper edge of the unit engages the flange.

rllhe member for supporting the upholstery of the seat unit 11 comprises a substantially flat metal plate .26 the edges of which are inturned to form the flanges 27 extending on the side of the plate opposite to that having the groove 28 in which is disposed the beaded or' marginal port-ion 29 of the dcpending apron 30 forming a part of the upholstery of the scat and connected at 31 with the inner and outer covering members 32 and 33 respectively, between which is placed a Suitable quantity of cushioning material 34 as indicated in Figure H, it being understood that the members 32 and 53 together with the cushioning material 34 and apron 30 are preferably constructed as a single unit which may be quickly applied to and removed from the seat base separately from the remaining portions of the seat. A plurality of relatively small springs 35 are mounted in cloth or canvas bags 36, said bags all being enclosed in a casing 37 formed of clothl or other suitable material and having at its upper and lower edges, the beads 38 which serve to stiften the casing and to hold the individual bags containing the springs in proper position within the casing. The casing is mounted directly upon the inner face of vthe base plate 26 and between the upper side of the casing and the inner covering 32 is mounted a layer of cushioning ma terial 38 of any desired kind. rlhe marginal portion 39 of the base plate in which the groove 28 is formed is offset inwardly from the main body of the plate or that portion lying within the outwardly pressed rib 40. rllhe rib serves to space from the plate 25. the lower marginal portion of the apron 30, at the point where it extends over the inturned flange 27, thereby preventing the contacting of said portion with the plate and consequently preventing'the rubbing of the same at this point.

rllongues 41 are struck outwardly from the offset portion 39 of the base plate and are bent back through an angle of 18()O upon the marginal portion of the apron 30 to secure the same within the groove 28. This operation is performed without the use of a special 'tool, requiring only the use of a hammer or like tool for driving down the tongues into engagement with the bead ormarginal portion of the apron 30.

Suitable bracing ribs 42 are stamped in the base plate 26 and extend preferably from the ends of the plate, adjacent the center thereof, to a point near the rectangular bracing rib 43 within which lies a circular bracing rib 44 as indicated in Figure lll. llt will be understood however that the bracing ribs just referred to may be disposed upon the base plate in any other desired stantially lighten the same and which also serve to prevent the cushion from becoming air-bound.

The base plate 46 for the seat back shown in Figure V is .of the same general construction as the base plate for the seat proper y shown in Figure III with the exception that the shape of the plate is somewhatdiflerent and that it is curved at its ends to conform to the contour of the back plate 15 of the body structure. The marginal portion of the base plate 46 for the seat back is odset inwardly as indicated at 47 with the edges of said marginal portion turned inwardly to form the fiange 48. The marginal `portion 47 of the plate is provided with av groove 49 on the opposite side of the plate from that on which the flange 48 is turned and tongues 50 are struck outwardly from the offset marginal portion 47 and bent backfthrough an angle of substantially 18,0o upon the beaded or marginal portion 51of the upholstery covering 52 to secure the upholstery upon the base plate. On the back of .the covering 52 is a layer of suitable cushioning material 53 and over the same is placed a covering 54, all connected and forming a complete upholstery unit which is attached to the'base plate 46 by carrying the marginal portion of the covering 52 over the turned edges or flanges 48 and disposing the beaded portion ofl the covering within the groove 49, after which the outstanding tongues 50 are bent down upon the bead as indicated in Figures II and IV. Mounted upon the inner face of the base plate 46 is a plurality of relatively small springs 55 each enclosed in a canvas or cloth bag 56, said bags being all enclosed in a casing 57 constructed of cloth or other suitable material, the casing having at its edges the beads 58 serving to stiften the same so that it will better retain its shape and assist in holding the springs in proper position therein. Interposed between the casing 57 .and the upholstery member 53 is a layer of cushioning material 58 which is applied to the casing after the same has been inserted upon the base plate 46 and before the upholstery covering is attached to the base plate. At the top of the cushion above the casing 57 is mounted an additional layer of cushioning material 59 which serves as a filler between the top of the base plate and the cushion unit connected therewith. In order to provide means for properly centering and holding the spring easing 57 upon the base plate 46 while the upholstery is being applied thereto and for retaining the springs in the desired position upon the base plate I have provided a series of' upper and lower inwardly extending tongues 60 and 61 respectively between which the spring casing is mounted as shown inFigures II and IV. These tongues serve to effectually hold the spring casing in the desired yposition and form means by which it may be quickly and accurately assembled upon the base plate during the construction of the seat unit. The base -plate 46 is pro'- vided at the point where the offset portion 47 begins with an outwardly extending rib 62 adapted to rest upon the reinforcing members 19 carried by the back plate 15 as shown in Figures II and IV. The rib 62 extends entirely around the base plate and serves to space the marginal portions of the upholstery, at the point where they extend around the inturned edges or flanges of the base plate, away from the body structure, thereby preventing said marginal portions from vrubbing upon the body structure at all points except where the upholstery covering comes in contact with the inturned flange 17 of the back plate 15, as shown in Figure IV. However, at this point there is very little movement imparted to the. seat back units and the wear of the upholstery covering, occasioned by its contact with the flange. 17 is negligible. The base plate 46 is provided with a plurality of outwardly struck ribs 63 extending longitudinally of? the plate and also with a centrally disposed rectangular rib 64 lying within which is a centrally disposed rib 65 as shown in Figure XII.v The ribs 63, 64 and 65 are all stamped outwardly preferably to the same depth. asthe rib 62 and said ribs rest upon the reinforcing members 1S) secured on the Vback plate 15 of the' automobilebody as shown in Figure II. The ribbing of the base plate in the manner described serves to effectually brace the same and prevent its buckling when in service as well as when the upholstery is being applied thereto.

The central seat'back unit 12 is held in position upon the body structure by a plurality of spring clips 67 resting upon the frame plate 22 and having rearwardly eX- tending curved portions 68 adapted to engage the marginal portions of the covering 52 at the point where it extends around and in contact with the inturned edge or flange 48 of the base `plate as shown in Figure II. The metal clips'67 are provided with downturned portions 68 extending through openings provided in the frame plate 22 whereby said clips are held against accidental displacement. In applying the metal clips to the body structure, after the seat back has been assembled upon the structure. the clips are positioned in line with the holes inthe .plate 22. and then by the use of a suitable less rigidly uphon the body structure and serve to keep t e upper edge ofthe unit in contact with the inner face of the downturned flange 17 carried by the back plate 15 at the upper edge thereof. llf desired, the downturned portions 68 of the clips may be rst set in the openings in the plate 22 after which the clips, by the use of a suitable tool, "are s rung into the position shown in Figure Il. f it is desired to remove the seat back unit from the body structure, the portions 68 of the clips may be depressed, after which Athe bottom of the unit is pulled out, preferably by the use of a suitable tool provided for the purpose, or if desired, the bottom of the unit may be pulled out without first de-4 pressing said clip portions.

The base plate 46 is provided with a plurality of openings 66 servingy to render the plate lighter in construction and also preventing the cushion from becoming airbound by admitting air between the plate and upholstery thereof.

The construction of the end units 13 is best shown in Figure Vl. This unit comprises a base plate 69 stamped in a similar manner to the plate 46, a portion of the upholstery being removed to show the inner face of the plate at one corner thereof. A cross section through the upper edge or marginal portion of the` plate, when in assembled position upon the body structure, would be the same as that shown in Figure lV, the upholstery being constructed and applied in the same manner as shown in said ligure.

ln the construction of each of the above described base plates the marginal flan es, grooves, ribs and offset portions, and in act all raised or depressed portions are stamped in the plate by the use of suitable dies, with as few operations as possible, and when the stamping operations are completed a substantially flat plate is aflorded, embodying integrally all'of the elements necessary for supporting and retaining the springs and upholstery of the units. The springs may be quickly applied to the base plate since'they are all assembled in a casing to form a unit which may be accurately positioned upon the base plate by reason of the inwardly eX- tending tongues provided both for centering and holding the casing in the desired position. After this has been done, cushioning material, either loose or in the form of a pad is placed on the spring casing and certain portions of the plate not covered by the casing. The outer upholstery unit is then applied, with its marginal portion disposed within the groove on the back or bottom side of the plate. rllhe outstanding tongues on the rear of the late are then, by the use of a hammer or lie tool, bent backl upon the marginal portions of the upholstery and with this operation the construction of the unit is complete. lin assembling the several ineaaer units upon the body structure the two end units 13 for the seat back are first placed in position upon the back plate 15 and thereafter the central unit 12 is applied, beneath the lower edge of which is driven the spring clips for holding the upper edge of the unit against the bottom side of the inturned flange 17. rlhe seat proper or unit 11 is then placed between the end units and forced into position against the lower edge of the back unit whereby the assembling operation is completed.

In the modification shown in Figures X to Xlllll inclusive, the body construction is the same as that shown in Figures ll and FV and while the base plate for the seat back is shown as being constructed in a similar manner to the base plate for the seat proper, it will be understood that the form of seat back shown in Figure lll may be substituted forthat shown in Figure X if desired, as these constructions are readily interchangeable. lln Figures X and Xl, the base plate 70 for the seat proper is shown in section and in plan respectively. The marginal portion of the plate is provided with a downwardly struck rib 71 terminating at its outer edge in an upstanding portion 72. The concave portion of the rib forming a groove to receive the beaded or marginal portion 7 3 of a depending apron 74 carried by the seat cushion 7 5. 'llhe cushion is disposed upon the cushioning material 76 placed upon the spring casing 77 in which is grouped a plurality of relatively small springs 78 each disposed within a cloth or canvas bag 79. rlhe spring casing is positioned directly upon the inner face of the base plate 70 as shown in Figure X and is held in the desired position by the upstanding tongues 78 which are struck outwardly from the marginal portion 79 of the plate. rllhe plate 70 is preferably provided also with a downwardly struck stiening rib 80 spaced inwardly from the rib 71 at any suitable distance, in the present instance at a point beneath the outer row of springs as shown in Figure X. Extending from the rib 8O at its central end portions are a plurality of longitudinally extending bracing or stiilening ribs 81, the inner ends of which terminate adjacent the rectangular bracing rib 82 within which lies the inner and outer circular rings 83 and 84 respectively. @penings 84 are provided in the plate for the purpose of lightening the same. All of the above described ribs serve to stillen and brace the plate to prevent its buckling and all are preferably of the same depth and rest upon the plate 2 5 of the seat structure which is supported by the frame plate 22 carried by the flanged portion 23 of the upstanding plate 24 and also by the inturned portion 21 of the reinforcing plate -19 on the seat back plate 15. The method of securing the beadedportion 73 of the llO `hold the'marginal portion of the apron within said groove. These tongues are bent back upon the beaded ortion of the apron by means of a suitab e tool provided for the 'purpose which is inserted through the openings 86 in the base plate to force said tongues downupon the apron. By means of the tongues the marginal portion of the apron is rmly held within the groove and 1s protectedl a ainst rubbing on all sides` of the unit by eing'kept out of contact with the metal portions of the body structure. The base plate 87 for the seat back unit is constructed in the same manner as the plate with the exception that the contour of the plate is of course made to conform to the contour of the seat back plate 15 as will be understood. The base plate 87 is provided with the inner and.outer ribs 88 and 89 respectively, the latter having the oove in which is disposed the beaded portion 90 of the upholstery covering 91 as shown in Figure X. The rib 89 carries the inturned upstanding edge portion 92 against the inner face of which the marginal portion of the upholster covering is disposed and held by the inwar ly struck tongues 93 which are bent down u on the upholstery in a similar manner and that emplo edy for depressing the tongues 85 on the ase plate 70. Cushioning material 94 is placed between the upholstery unit 91 and the spring casing 95, sa1d casing being centered and held upon the plate by means of the inwardly struck tongues 96, the casin containing the springs 97, disposed wit in the individual cloth or canvas ags 98 as shown in Figure X. The base plate 87 is provided with the inwardly converging bracing ribs 98 extending from the end rib 88 to a point adjacent the rectangular rib 99 within 'which lies 'the inner and outer circular ribs 100 and 101 respectively asv shown in Figure XII. The base plate is also provided with holes 102 whereby its construction is considerably lightened. Both the base plates 70 and 87 are stamped out by means of suitable dies and when completed eacli forms a unitary structure embodying integrally all of the elements necessary to support fthe springs and'upholsterj7 of the seat and seat back respectively. The base plates for the end units of the seat back, in the modification, have not been shown as they are similar in construction to the plate 87, differing only in size and conforming to the contour of the curved ends of the seat back plate l5 of the body structure.

As stated before, the. base plate 46 for the seat back unit and the upholstery thereon as shown in Figure II may be used with the use of a tool similar to' the seat base 70 and upholste thereon as shown in FigureX as the two llf'irms of construction are interc angeable.

In the modification shown in Figure X,

Lthe seat back unit is held in proper position upon the body structure by means of the spring clips 103 which are constructed and applied similarly to those shown in Figure II and described above. It will be understood however-that if preferred, the cli s may be omitted, as the bottom edge of t e seat back unit may rest directly upon the frame plate 22, in which case the height of thev un1t will be sli htly increased so that it will be substantial y e ual tothe distance between the inturned ange 17 and the frame plate 22, or if desired, it may be slightly greater than the distance between these two points in order that the unit may be forced between theseV members to snugly eng;J e the same.

f lile I have shown and described in considerable detail springs `of a particular type for the several seat units it will be understood that other types of springs, of any desired kind, may be employed between the upholstery and base plates of the units.

In assembling the units 12A and 13 upon the body, it may be preferable to first place tlie end units 13 in position, before inserting the back unit 12, but this, however, is not considered necessary, as'theunit 12 may be first placed in position and thereafter the end units 13 assembled in their respective positions at the ends of the back unit 12.

While I have shown and-described my invention in more or less detail and as being embodied in certain precise forms, I do not desire orintend it to be limited thereto, as on the contrary, my invention contemplates broadly all proper changes, as well as the omission of immaterial elements and the substitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or necessity render expedient.

What I claim las new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

4 1. In a seat structure, the combination of a sheet metal plate having a oove formed adjacent the edge thereof, sa1d ed e being turned `to extend uponthe side of t e plate opposite that having the groove, upholstery upon the side of the plate on which the edge is turned, the marginal portions of the upholstery being carried over said turned edge and disposed within vthe groove, and means securing the upholstery within the groove.

, 2. In a seat structure, the combination of a sheet metal plate havin a .groove formed adjacent the edge thereo said edgebeing turned upon the 'side of the plate opposite that having the groove, springs mounted' upon the 'plate on the side opposite the groove, upholstery extending over the springs and forming a covering for the side of the plate upon which the springs are mounted the marginal portions ont the upholstery being carried over said turned edge and disposed. within the groove, and means securing the upholstery within the groove.

3. lin a seat structure, the combination of a single sheet metal plate 'forming a seat base and having a groove adjacent the edge thereof, springs mounted upon the plate on the side opposite the groove, upholstery extending over the springs and forming a covering for thev side of the plate opposite the groove, the marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed within said groove, and means for retaining the upholstery within the groove.

4r. ln a seat structure, the combination of a substantially flat metal plate forming a seat base and having a groove adjacent the edge thereof,l springs mounted upon the plate on the side opposite the groove, upholstery` extending over the springs and forming a covering for the side of the plate upon which the springs are mounted, the marginal portions of the u holstery bem carried around the edge o the plate an disposed within the groove, and tongues struck outwardly from the plate and bent into enga ement with the marginal portions of the up olstery.

5. lin a seat structure, the combination of a substantially fiat metal plate forming a seat base and having a groove adjacent its edges, said edges being turned to provide smooth surfaces, upholster forming a covering for the side of the p ate opposite said groove, the marginal portions of the upholstery being carried over said turned edges and disposed within said groove, and integral members upon the plate serving to retain the upholstery within the groove.

6. lln a seat structure, the combination of a substantiall tlat metal late forming the seat base, sprlngs mounte upon said plate, upholstery forming a covering for the springs and the side of the plate upon which the springs are mounted, the marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed on the side of the plate opposite the springs,

and means for retaining said marginal por,

tions upon the plate.

7 lln a seat structure, the combination of a substantially fiat metal plate forming the seat base, springs mounted upon said plate, upholstery forming acovering for the springs ,and the side of the plate upon which the springs are mounted, lthe marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed on the side of the plate opposite the springs, and tongues struck outwardly from the plate between the marginal portions of the upholstery and bent back upon said portions.

8. In a seat structure, the combination of a substantially flat metal plate forming the seat base, said plate having a groove adjacent the edges thereof, upholstery forming neeaaer a coverin for the side of the plate opposite the side aving the groove, the marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed Within said groove, and tongues struck outwardly from the plate between the marginal portions of the upholstery and bent back' upon said portions.

9. In a seat structure, the'combination of asubstantially flat metal plate forming the seat base, springs mounted upon said plate, upholstery Vmounted upon the springs and forming a covering for the side of the plate upon which the springs are mounted, the marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed on the side of the plate opposite the springs, means securing said marginal portions upon the plate, and outwardly pressed portions upon the plate extending beyond the line of said marginal portions of the upholstery.

10. lin a seat structure, the combination of a substantially flat metal plate, upholstery forming a covering for one side of the plate and having its marginal portions disposed on the oppositeside of the plate, means integral with the plate for securing saidymarginal portions thereon, and portions integral with the plate extending outwardly in a plane spaced from and parallel with said marginal portions.

1l. lin a seat structure, the combination ot a substantially fiat metal plate comprising a seat back or base, springs mounted upon said plate, upholstery mounted upon the springs and forming a covering for the side of the plate upon whichthe springs are mounted and having its marginal portions disposed upon the opposite side of the plate, tongues struck outwardly from the plate and bent back upon said marginal portions, and outwardly pressed ribs upon the, plate adjacent the tongues serving to stiii'en the plate and to hold said marginal portions of the upholstery in spaced relation to a surface upon which said ribs are adapted to rest.

12. lin combination, a substantially flat metal plate oii'set adjacentv its edge, upholstery forming a covering for the side of the plate on which the offset is made and having its marginal portion extending over the edge of the plate and disposed upon said offset portion, and means serving to retain the marginal portion of the upholstery upon said offset portion.

13. lin combination, a substantially dat metal plate offset adjacent its edge, the edge being turned at an angle to the offset portion, a groove formed in the offset portion on the side opposite the turned edge, upholstery forming a covering for the side ot the plate opposite the groove and having its marginal portion extending over said turned edge and into said groove, and tongues struck outwardly from the plate and bent back to retain the upholstery within the groove.

lll

14. In combination, a substantiallyA flat metal plate offset adjacent its edge, a groove formed in said olset portion, upholstery forming a covering for the side of the plate opposi-te the groove and having its marginal portion extending over the edge of the plate and disposed within the groove, and means serving to retain the upholstery within the groove, said plate having a projecting portion adjacent said odset portion on the side of the plate having the groove and serving to hold said marginal portion of the upholstery in spaced relation to a supporting surface.

15. In combination, a substantially flat metal plate offset adjacent its edge, said edge being turned at an angle "to the offset portion, a groove formed in said oset portion on the side opposite the turned edge, upholstery forming a covering for the side of the plate opposite the groove and having its marginal portion extending over said turned edge and into said groove, tongues struck outwardly from said oliset portion and bent back upon the marginal portion lof the upholstery, and a rib adjacent saidioffset portion on the side of the plate having the groove and serving to hold said marginal portion of the upholstery. in spaced relation to a surface upon which the rib is adapted to rest.

16. A seat base comprisin a'substantially flat metal plate provided wit a groove adjacent its edges arranged to 'receive/ the marginal portions of upholstery ada ted to form a covering for the opposite side of the plate from that having the groove, and outwardly struck tongues on ther side of th'e plate'having the groove, said tongues being arranged to be bent back to engage the marginal portions of the upholstery when said portions are positioned within the groove.

17. A seat base comprising a substantially flat metal plate having a groove on one side adjacent its edges and adapted to receive on the o posite side the springs and upholstery ci) a seat unit, said edges being turned to extend upon the side of the plate opposite that having the groove, said groove being adapted to receive the marginal portions of the upholstery, and' tongues struck outwardly from the late in position to be bent down upon saidJ marginal portions of the upholstery.

18. A seat base comprising a substantially flat metal plate adapted to receive the springs and upholster of a seat unit, the plate being provided with a groove adj acent its edges to receive the marginal portions of the upholstery, wardly from the plate in position to be bent down over said marginal portions when laced in said groove, and outwardly ressed bosses on the side of the plate havmg the groove serving to space said marginal portions from a surface upon whichthe bosses are adapted to rest. y

19. A seat base comprising a substantially flat metal plate offset adjacent its edfres and adapted to receive on the offset si e the springs and upholstery of a seat unit, a groove formed in said oll'set portion to receive the marginal portions of the upholstery, and tongues struck outwardly from the plate in position to be bent down upon said marginal portions of the upholstery.

20. A seat base comprising a substantially flat metal plate having its marginal portions offset wlth a groove therein, the extreme edgesl of said marginal portions being turnedupon the side of the plate on which the offset is made, and tongues struck outwardly from said ol'set portion adjacent said groove in position to be bent down over thegroove.

21. A seat base comprising a substantially Hat metal late having a groove formed in one side thereof adjacent the edge of the plate, the side opposite .the groove being adapted to receive a coverm'g of upholstery, the groove being adapted to receive the marginal portions of the upholstery, and a plurality of tongues struck out on the side having the groove and within the boundary of the groove, Said tongues being arranged to be bent down upon the marginal portion of the upholstery.

22. In combination, a body structure, and a. detachable seat unit upon said body structure comprising a substantially horizontal metal base plate and upholstery thereon e;- tending overI the edge f said plate, sa1d plate being provided with an integral boss to engage said body structure to space sald upholstery therefrom.

23. In an article of the class described, the combination of a substantially Hat metal plate forming a base, a cushion structure mounted upon said plate, upholstery forming a covering for the cushion and the slde of the plate upon which the cushion is mounted, the marginal portions of the upholstery being disposed on the side of the plate opposite the cushion structure and means for retaining said marginal portions upon thel plate, said plate having integral outwardly extending ribs v formed therein for spacing said marginal portions from a su porting surface.

n testimony whereof, I aliixl my signature.

tongues struck out- HENRY A. WAGNER. 

